Inspired by nature, an engineered counterpart of evolutionary adaptation was investigated in the past. Today’s machines, in contrast, are highly restricted to their initial morphological configurations, and it is still a question whether machines can achieve a similar level of adaptability by adjusting their morphologies. Through evolutionary adaptation some animals changed their morphologies to live on land instead of under water, and phenotypic plasticity allows plants to adapt their structures for the survival on an ontogenetic time-scale. The adaptation of physical shapes and structures is a fundamental mechanism which allows biological systems to survive in a large variety of environments. Through experiments with a total of 500 autonomously built locomotion agents, this article shows diversification of morphology and behavior of physical robots for the improvement of functionality with limited resources. This feedback is used for the design of the next iteration. The locomotion agents are automatically placed in the testing environment and their locomotion behavior is analyzed in the real world. We report model-free development and evaluation of phenotypes in the artificial evolution of physical systems, in which a mother robot autonomously designs and assembles locomotion agents. The optimization in turn no longer relies on complex physics models that are prone to the reality gap, a mismatch between simulated and real-world behavior. The key for a meaningful design optimization is the capability to build variations of physical machines through the course of the evolutionary process. 42 6.6.Artificial evolution of physical systems is a stochastic optimization method in which physical machines are iteratively adapted to a target function. 41 6.5.1 Overview of the appliance functions. 39 Setting the feed quantity / glue pressure. 36 Installation of accessories and options. Installation and first commissioning _ 25 Place of positioning.
22 4.6.4 Specifications of the ICS-MAIN main control. 17Īppliance overview and functions_ 18 Overview of the appliance. Transport and scope of supply_ 17 Packaging. 14 2.7.3 Extinguishing hotmelt applicators on fire. 12 2.2.4 Irritations of the mucous membranes. 11 Dangers of handling/operating the appliance. 10 Safety _ 11 References contained in the operating manual. Product description_ 5 Use for the intended purpose.
ROBATECH CONCEPT B MANUALLY MANUAL
The illustrations and information contained in this Operating Manual are subject to technical alterations necessary for the enhancement of the appliance. Without Robatech's written approval it is not permitted to copy and distribute this manual or parts thereof in any form whatsoever, or to transmit it by means of electronic systems. +41 (0)56 675 77 00 +41 (0)56 675 77 01 info robatech.ch Date of issue: May 2002 © Copyright by Robatech AG All rights reserved. Publisher: Robatech AG Pilatusring 10 CH-5630 Muri Switzerland Phone Fax Email Internet 112532 / Edition 4.1 Program ICS-MAIN from version 3.04 Operating Manual Hotmelt Applicators Concept 4, 8, 12, 18 Part No.
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